Question: In △PQR, right angled at Q, PR + QR = 25cm and PQ = 5cm. Determine the values of sin P, cos P and tan P.
As shown in the figure of △PQR, let us first write down trigonometric ratios that is asked in the question and using these ratios, by replacing the values of the sides of triangle, we an find the values of sin P, cos P and tan P.
Note: The other approach here can also start by using the given values in question and derive all the values of the sides of triangle. And using the values of the sides of the triangle, find the values of sin P, cos P and tan P by applying appropriate formulas.
Let's start by writing the trigonometric ratios in terms of the sides of △PQR.
sinP∴=hypotenuseopposite side to m∠P=PRQRsinP=PRQR−−−(1)
cosP∴=hypotenuseadjacent side to m∠P=PRPQcosP=PRPQ−−−(2)
tanP∴=adjacent side to m∠Popposite side to m∠P=PQQRtanP=PQQR−−−(3)
From equation (1), (2) and (3) we can see that we'll need the values of PQ, QR and PR. Out of these, we already have the value of PQ (5 cm). We also have the value of PR+QR. Using these two, let us find the values of QR and PR.
PQ2+QR2∴52+QR2∴25+QR2∴25+QR2∴25∴50QR∴50QR∴QR∴=PR2=(25−QR)2(replacing value of PR from equation (4))=252−2⋅25⋅QR+QR2(using formula(a−b)2=a2−2ab+b2)=252−2⋅25⋅QR+QR2canceling QR2 from both sides=625−50QR=625−25=600=50600QR=12−−−(5)
Putting value of QR in equation (4)
PR∴=25−QR=25−12PR=13−−−(6)
Now we have the values of PQ, QR and PR as 5, 12 and 13, we can put these values in equation (1), (2) and (3) to get our answers.
Bonus question #1
The values of the sides of △PQR are 5, 12 and 13. What is the group of values 5, 12, 13 called?
Let us know your answers in comments below.
From eq. (1),sinP∴From eq. (2),cosP∴From eq. (3),tanP∴=PRQRsinP=1312=PRPQcosP=135=PQQRtanP=512
Bonus question #2
Using a similar approach, can you find the value of sin R, cos R and tan P? Let us know your answers in comments below.
Suggested Notes:
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Suggested Notes:
tan (A + B) = √3 and tan (A -B) = 1/√3 | Trigonometry Numerical
15 cot A = 8 | Find the value of sin A and sec A | Trigonometry Numerical
PQ = 12cm and PR = 13cm | Find tan P - cot R | Trigonometry Numerical
cot θ = 7/8 | Find all other trigonometric ratios | Trigonometry Numerical
Trigonometry Formulas | sin θ, cos θ, tan θ, cosec θ, sec θ, cot θ | Trigonometry Basics
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